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- <text id=89TT2668>
- <title>
- Oct. 16, 1989: The Battle In The Bush
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Oct. 16, 1989 The Ivory Trail
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- ENVIRONMENT, Page 73
- The Battle in the Bush
- </hdr><body>
- <p> Bill Woodley killed his first elephant at 16. By 19 he had
- shot 150 tuskers and lived as a professional ivory hunter.
- Today, at 60, he is the elephant's staunchest protector, leading
- the desperate war against poachers in Kenya's Tsavo National
- Park. "They say once an elephant hunter, always an elephant
- hunter," says Woodley. "But I've spent the past 41 years hunting
- poachers." The difference, he observes wryly, is that "poachers
- shoot back."
- </p>
- <p> Tsavo, the country's largest wildlife reserve, was once the
- grandest elephant sanctuary in Kenya. Now it is a case study of
- what has gone wrong -- and how the elephant may yet be saved.
- Tsavo stretches over 8,000 sq. mi., an area the size of Israel.
- In the mid-1960s, 40,000 elephants thundered amid the scrub
- thorn, acacia and baobob trees. Last year's aerial survey
- spotted only 5,363 live elephants in and around the park, and
- 2,421 carcasses. The survivors are skittish creatures, often
- clustered in fear and quick to flee at the scent of man.
- </p>
- <p> Years ago, Wakamba tribesmen poached in Tsavo, using arrows
- tipped with poison. Now Somali gangs, including many former
- soldiers, spray whole families of elephants with
- automatic-weapon fire. Not all Tsavo's poachers have been
- outsiders to the park. Some who are paid to protect the
- elephants -- wardens and rangers -- are also suspect. The
- evidence: Woodley and others have extracted .303-cal. bullets
- from carcasses. "The only people who use .303s are the rangers,"
- he says. Numerous carcasses have been found near the rangers'
- headquarters. And when the park's patrol plane is grounded for
- inspection, the poachers quickly appear. Someone has tipped them
- off. Corruption is hard to eradicate, since rangers' salaries
- run as low as $90 a month. "It was policy not to interfere with
- departmental poaching," says an assistant warden.
- </p>
- <p> Now Kenya is striking back. In his breast pocket, Woodley
- has an envelope stuffed with 30,000 Kenyan shillings ($1,428)
- -- money for informants. The antipoaching units are exchanging
- their World War I bolt-action rifles for automatic assault
- weapons. Within the past year the APUs have killed 18 poachers
- under a shoot-to-kill order. Dozens of senior
- wildlife-department personnel have been interrogated, and some
- have been relieved of their duties. These measures seem to be
- working. In the past month not one fresh carcass has been found.
- "Everyone is keen as mustard," says Woodley, beaming. "We'll win
- for sure." It is too early, though, to declare victory. After
- a similar crackdown in 1978, the price of ivory soared and
- poaching resumed.
- </p>
- <p> In July, Kenya's President, Daniel arap Moi, set ablaze a
- twelve-ton mountain of illicit ivory -- 3,000 tusks worth $3
- million. To those familiar with the plundering of Kenya's herds
- and the corruption in its wildlife department, the fire was a
- kind of exorcism. "If we go wrong here, hope will be lost in
- many parts of this continent," says Richard Leakey, who became
- head of the department in April. "If we go right here, there is
- a chance for things to happen elsewhere much more rapidly than
- any of us would have dared to believe."
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
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